Sensor

A sensor is a converter that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an  instrument. For example, a converts the measured temparary-mercury-in glass thermometer into expansion and contraction of a liquid which can be read on a calibrated glass tube. A thermocopulary converts temperature to an  put voltage which can be read by a voltmeter For accuracy, most sensors are calibrated against known standard.
Sensors are used in everyday objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons  and lamps which dim or brighten by touching the base. There are also innumerable applications for sensors of which most people are never aware. Applications include cars, machines, aerospace, medicine, manufacturing and robotics.

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